Promotion of New and Renewable Sources of Energy Essay -- United Nati

Advancement of New and Renewable Sources of Energy Presentation Vitality assumes a vital job in the monetary improvement everything being equal, particularly those with constrained access to assets. Access to vitality sources is one of the central components of neediness decrease and practical turn of events. It is thus that sustainable power source and vitality proficiency is basic to secure and safeguard, as it gives a premise to financial advances, expanded instruction, and condition supportability. The United Nations is focused on reducing these squeezing worries through the usage of projects, for example, the Millennium Development Goals and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, just as through various others and in concordance with crafted by its primary bodies and boards. Recognizing the significance of supportable employments of vitality, the Economic and Financial Committee (ECOFIN) meets biennially to explicitly talk about vitality and approaches to execute regularly improving innovation. History of Committee The Economic and Financial Committee is normally alluded to as the second Committee, as it is one of six fundamental bodies under direct authority of the General Assembly. ECOFIN manages issues concerning monetary development and improvement, globalization and association, supportable turn of events, just as macroeconomic exchange and items. ECOFIN likewise gives extraordinary consideration to the worries of the least evolved nations and things on the plan center around coordinating forming nations easily into the world economy (?Economic and Financial?). Other current undertakings incorporate catastrophe decrease, ladies and improvement, forestalling and fighting degenerate practices, and assurance of the worldwide atmosphere. ... ... Get together Main Committees. 3 April 2007. ?Changing Unsustainable Patterns of Consumption and Production.? 2002. UN Department of Financial and Social Affairs. 3 April 2007. ?Foundation of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development as an Organ of the General Assembly.? 30 December 1964. General Assembly Resolutions. ?The Energy Challenge for Achieving the Millennium Development Goals.? 2005. Joined together Countries Energy 3 April 2007. ?What Are the Millennium Development Goals 2005. UN Development Goals. 20 April 2007.

The History of Establishment of Bank of Lebanon

Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in September 1918, the Turkish Pound was supplanted by a Sterling based Egyptian cash as legitimate delicate in the states under the French and British command. The Egyptian Pound was given by a private British organization, the National Bank of Egypt, and had been recently utilized by the British, since quite a bit of their provisions were from Egypt. In the wake of taking Lebanon and Syria under its command, the French government looked for the replacement of the Egyptian money so as to reduce the weight on the French Government in covering its uses in Egyptian Pound, and to declare its freedom from the British. Be that as it may, the utilization of the post war French Franc would have additionally depleted the French Treasury. The option was to give a business bank the selective option to give a money for the States under Mandate. The Banque de Syrie, a French organization subsidiary of the Ottoman bank, was built up in 1919 with an underlying capital of FF. 10 million, later expanded to FF. 25.5 million. Of its 51 thousand offers, about 22% were possessed by the Ottoman bank and 78% by French investors. 1924-1964: The Banque de Syrie et du Liban In January 1924, a show was marked between the Banque de Syrie, and Lebanon and Syria as States under the French Mandate, following the constitution of their national government. As the political status of Lebanon developed, the Banque de Syrie, which was to go about as the official bank of the states under the French Mandate, was renamed the Banque de Syrie et du Liban (BSL). BSL was conceded the accompanying benefits by the 1924 Convention including: The sole option to give the French-based-Lebanese-Syrian money in Lebanon and Syria for a long time, at FF. 20 to the pound. These could be recovered at the primary office in Paris or its branch in Marseilles. Extraordinary rights seeing protections promised as credit ensures The sole guardianship of government reserves Inclination for its administrations with neighborhood governments The issue of the Lebanese-Syrian cash were administered by the 1924 Convention and secured by: Gold and convertible outside government bonds Obligatory French Franc enthusiasm gaining stores Other (discretionary) French Franc request stores Cases drawn on or ensured by the French government Two years before the expiry of the 1924 Convention, BSL's benefit to note issue a Lebanese money in Lebanon, separate from the Syrian cash, was reached out for an additional 25 years by the 1937 Convention, finishing off with March 1964. The notes gave by BSL were not, at this point subject to a roof however were dependent upon a compulsory and discretionary inclusion. They were of two arrangement; one conveying the name â€Å"Lebanon† and the other â€Å"Syria†, yet both could be utilized aimlessly in either state. Despite the fact that the money was Lebanese in name, it stayed a hidden French Franc, until 1941 when it was connected to the Sterling Pound after the destruction of France and the intrusion of Lebanon by the associated powers. In any case, the inclusion of the Lebanese Pounds issues was still in French Francs, which was continually deteriorating or devaluated. Lebanon was to gather any misfortune in the estimation of its benefits in French Francs covering the issue of Lebanese notes by the Franco-British understanding of 1944. The comparing trouble on France and Lebanon's will to accomplish money related freedom, required a separation between the Lebanese Pound and the French Franc. Following its autonomy in 1943, Lebanon finished up a money related concurrence with France in 1948 isolating its national cash from the unsteady French Franc, and attested the freedom of its financial framework by declaring the Monetary Law of 1949.Concurrently, the differentiation between the Issue Department and the Commercial Department was completely affected. In April 1963, a business bank, the Societe Nouvelle de la Banque de Syrie et du Liban s.a.l. was made to supplant the Commercial Department, and in April 1964, the Issue Department was changed into the Banque du Liban. Banque du Liban (BDL) was made by the Code of Money and Credit sanctioned by declaration no. 13513 dated August 1, 1963. It began its compelling procedure on April 1, 1964. BDL is a lawful substance of open law getting a charge out of money related and managerial independence however isn't dependent upon regulatory guidelines and oversights appropriate to the Public segment. Its underlying capital was LL.15 million, a sum appropriated by the State. BDL is the sole overseer of open assets and is vested by law the select benefit of giving the national cash. BDL incorporates an authoritative body and an administrative body, just as other specific elements. The Government Commissariat oversees it. As specified in article 70 of the Code of Money and Credit, the Banque du Liban (BDL) is principally worried about the defending of the cash so as to guarantee a reason for supported social and financial development. Its essential duties explicitly include: shielding the cash; keeping up monetary strength; keeping up and protecting the sufficiency of the financial framework; Building up the cash and money related markets. To satisfy its significant capacities, BDL helps out the Government to guarantee conversion standard strength, control liquidity, force credit limitations, and issue banking guidelines. Collaboration with the Government includes coordination of monetary and financial strategy measures to guarantee a specific congruity between its destinations and those of the Government, recommendations profiting different monetary factors to advance financial development, and counsel on issues in regards to the Lebanese money. Swapping scale dependability involves the utilization of all measures BDL sees fitting explicitly mediation in the market to purchase and sell remote monetary forms. The control of liquidity includes changes in rebate rates, credits allowed to banks and monetary organizations, intercession in the remote trade showcase, open market tasks, inconvenience of save prerequisites on resources and additionally liabilities just as punishments for deficits in their development, as well as the receipt of stores from banks. It can likewise influence the volume of credit and the general credit circumstance by deciding the volume of particular sorts of credits, credit allowed for explicit purposes, credit conceded for explicit areas, and setting the terms and guidelines of credits. BDL can give guidelines to guarantee the adequacy of the financial framework. It can set, in conference with the Lebanese Banks Association, guidelines overseeing the connection of manages an account with their clients, and banks liquidity and capital sufficiency. It has the ability to direct resource for liabilities proportions on all or chose banks to be met at a date indicated by BDL. Banque du Liban (BDL), the national bank of the Republic of Lebanon, was made by ideals of Law No. 13513 dated August 1, 1963. Banque du Liban is a different open lawful element †not a legislative office †and is vested with monetary and managerial self-sufficiency. The administration of the BDL is attempted by a Governor helped by four Vice-Governors, all together establishing the Governorship of the BDL, just as by a Central Board led by the Governor and made out of the Vice-Governors, the Director-General of the Ministry of Finance and the Director-General of the Ministry of Economy and Trade. The Banque du Liban is the sole overseer of open assets, administers and controls the financial framework and is vested by law with the selective authority of giving the national money. The BDL†s essential job is to protect the money and advance financial solidness, in this way making a good situation for monetary and social advancement. The Banque du Liban additionally exhorts the Government on different monetary and money related issues. In leading its financial administration work, Banque du Liban uses a wide scope of instruments, including save necessities on Lebanese Pound stores with business banks, liquidity prerequisites on US Dollar stores in business banks, Treasury Bill repurchase and trade concurrences with business banks, just as Lebanese Pound designated authentications of stores gave by the BDL. Because of high expansion before 1992, the Lebanese economy turned out to be generously dollarized. Since October 1992, financial strategy has been focused at settling the Lebanese Pound swapping scale and controlling the expansion rate and cash development. The arrival of trust in money related steadiness and the exceptional yields on interest in LBP-designated monetary protections prompted a noteworthy decrease of the dollarization of the economy and to a development in remote trade saves. The Banque du Liban is overseen by the Governor who is helped by four Vice-Governors, just as by the Central Council. The Governor is the legitimate delegate of the Banque du Liban, and has broad expert on the administration of the Bank. He is depended with the requirement of the Code of Money and Credit, and the usage of the Central Council's goals. Upon the proposition of the Minister of Finance, the Governor is designated by declaration authorized by the Council of Ministers, for a sustainable six-year term. After the interview with the Governor and upon the proposition of the Minister of Finance, the Vice-Governors are delegated by declaration endorsed by the Council of Ministers for an inexhaustible five-year term. They help the Governor in dealing with the Bank, completing capacities determined by the Governor. Moreover, they accept their obligations as individuals from the Central Council. The Central Council sets the financial and credit strategies of the Bank, including cash gracefully, and rebate and loaning rates. It talks about and chooses, in addition to other things, on issues concerning the banking and budgetary segments, the foundation of clearing houses, the giving of cash and on credit demands by the p

How to Create a Suicide Safety Plan

How to Create a Suicide Safety Plan Depression Suicide Print How to Create a Suicide Safety Plan By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 28, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 Mayur Kakade / Moment / Getty Images More in Depression Suicide Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Childhood Depression Information presented in this article may be triggering to some people. If you are having suicidal thoughts, contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 for support and assistance from a trained counselor. If you or a loved one are in immediate danger, call 911. A suicide safety plan is a written set of instructions that you create for yourself as a contingency plan should you begin to experience thoughts about harming yourself. It will contain a series of gradually escalating steps that you will follow, proceeding from one step to the next, until you are safe. If you have depression, whether it has been diagnosed by a healthcare provider or not, there is a very real risk that at some point in the course of the illness you may experience thoughts of suicide. While the emotional pain that has triggered these thoughts may feel overwhelming, it does not mean that you will lose control or act on your thoughts. In fact, having a suicide safety plan in place is one method you can use to cope with your bad feelings until circumstances change. Tips for Creating a Suicide Safety Plan You should work together with someone you trustâ€"such as your best friend, a close family member, or your doctor or therapistâ€"to develop your suicide safety plan. It is best to get these people involved  since you will most likely need to call on them if you decide to execute your plan. Try to create the plan while you are feeling well and can think clearly, rather than waiting until you are actively suicidal. Put your suicide safety plan in writing and keep it in a place where you can easily find it should the need arise. Information to Include in a Suicide Safety Plan Your suicide safety plan should include several steps and be written in the order presented below. An example of each step is provided to help you think about what that step means for you. When the Plan Should Be Used The first step in creating your suicide safety plan is to familiarize yourself with the types of situations, images, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that might precede or accompany suicidal urges for you. List these warning signs so that you can refer back to them when deciding whether to activate your plan. Its also helpful to familiarize yourself with some of the risk factors for suicide in order to recognize these warning signs if present. A warning sign could be that you tend to isolate yourself and not take good care of your health when you get depressed. How to Calm/Comfort Yourself Create a list of activities that can be soothing to you when youre upset. If you cant think of any examples off-hand, you may wish to brainstorm and try some mind-body methods that have helped others such as breathing exercises or body scan meditation. Or take a look at ?different ways to reduce stress to see if any methods might be helpful for you. A few self-soothing ideas to consider: taking a hot bath, listening to music, or exercising. Your Reasons for Living Create a list of your reasons for living. When you are feeling suicidal, it is very easy to get caught up in the pain you are feeling and forget the positives in your life. Your list will help you refocus your attention on the reasons to keep going until your suicidal thoughts and feelings pass. Some people with or without depression find that keeping a gratitude journal is helpful. If you find yourself feeling suicidal, looking at what you have written may help you focus on the positives in your life until the feelings pass. Consider writing about blessings like your family, friends, dog, health, or faith. Who You Can Talk To Keep a list of contacts you can talk to if you are unable to distract yourself with self-help measures. List names, phone numbers, or other contact information and be sure to have backups in case your first or second choices are unavailable. Your list of trusted contacts may include your significant other, friends, relatives, or your religious leader. Who You Can Turn to for Professional Assistance Create a list of all professional resources available to you, along with their phone numbers, email addresses, and other pertinent contact information. This is also a good place to keep a number for a crisis hotline such as the  National Suicide Prevention Lifeline  at 800-273-TALK (800-273-8255). Members of your professional health care team can include your psychiatrist and your therapist as well as a crisis hotline. If you havent yet seen a mental health professional, take a moment to learn about the different types of therapists who care for people with depression and make an appointment today. Depression Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF How to Make Your Environment Safe Plan what steps you can take to make yourself safe. This may involve removing or securing any items that you are likely to use to hurt yourself, or going to another location until the urges have passed. It may also involve getting another person involved to help you. If you feel like hurting yourself, you might plan to go to a public place like a mall, restaurant, or library to distract yourself. Or if you are feeling suicidal, you might ask someone to keep your gun at their house. What Can You Do If You Are Still Not Feeling Safe? If all other steps have failed to keep you feeling safe, go to your nearest hospital emergency room and ask for assistance. Keep the name, address, and directions to the hospital listed in your plan for easy access or save it in your GPS. If you do not feel that you can get to the hospital safely on your own, call 911 or the emergency contact number appropriate for where you live and ask for transport to the hospital. What to Do If a Friend Is Suicidal Many people with depression have friends who are coping with similar challenges. This could be a friend you have met in a depression support group, or simply a friend or family member you have known for a long time. After all, depression is common. After you have completed your own safety plan, encourage others who are coping with depression to create a plan for themselves. How to Help a Friend Who Is Feeling Suicidal How to Use Your Suicide Safety Plan If you begin to experience any of the warning signs of suicide listed in your suicide safety plan, proceed through the steps you have previously outlined for yourself, one by one, until you are feeling safe again. An exception would be if you are feeling out of control and are strongly thinking of suicide. In that case, it is best to call either a trusted friend who can be with you immediately or 911. While you will likely have your suicide safety plan in your home, there are now smartphone safety plan apps that you can take with you anywhere. These apps may be of particular benefit for younger people and those in regions where suicide support options are lacking. At the current time, however, we lack information on how helpful these apps are and some apps have been found to have potentially dangerous content. Plans such as Safety-Net appear to be more comprehensive, but its important to talk to your mental health professional as to whether they recommend one of these apps, and if so, which one they feel is best for you. Tips for Coping With Depression and Suicidal Thoughts

Emotional Labor As A Workplace - 1215 Words

While labor can and is often seen as work that is done physically, it is also seen as an act which necessitates using mind and soul. Depending on the area in which an individual works, it can lean towards using all three – body, mind, and soul – to be successful. It is at this point that Emotional Labor (Hochschild, 1983) begins to take its place in the work environment. Emotional Labor is using self to perform work where an employee creates a pleasant atmosphere by giving good customer service. The ability to use self as a means to perform better on the job may have larger implications than we know of. This paper will look at different ideas which contribute to Emotional Labor as a workplace construct and the effects it has on the†¦show more content†¦For instance, Jason Felix, a Human Resources Technician with College of the Desert describes his thought after having dealt with a rude applicant over the phone, â€Å"while physical labor is no walk in the park , dealing with people can leave you just as drained, if not more, and it can take longer to regain your emotional stability† (J. Felix, personal communication, January 30, 2017). After having been cut off, yelled at, and harangued, Jason had to still go about his day as if nothing happened. The use of good customer service in the face of disrespect is reminiscent Karl Marx writes, â€Å"the realization of labor appears as a loss of reality for the worker†. It is not the real person who is being polite but the person created for the work environment that is required to be polite. With this in mind, having to create an atmosphere of happiness when one isn’t feeling happy could result in the depersonalization of happiness with the self (Herpertz et al, 2016). The problem then turns into the employee not knowing whether they are actually happy or is only so used to being happy. How does the employee then adjust to the â€Å"real world† outside of the workplace ? In A Managed Heart by Arlie Russell Hochschild, she speaks with airline attendants who must always create a positive space for passengers, their smiles being of most value to the company. One flight attendant interviewed is quoted saying, â€Å"Sometimes IShow MoreRelatedEmotional Labor : Psychological Stress1115 Words   |  5 PagesControlling feelings to perform a job is called â€Å"emotional labor†. Acting in a positive way with consumers is a job requirement of many employees; demonstrating high energy, interest, eagerness, joy, and warmth. Always holding a smile and showing kindness. Even when there are obstacles and complaints, the interaction with a client, patient or student has to be as smooth as possible. In an attempt to hide real emotions, staff often engages in emotional labor. To complete this project information wasRead MoreA Gendered Division Of Emotional Labor973 Words   |  4 Pagesis a gendered division of emotional labor being conducted by teachers working in elementary schools. I will first discuss Arlie Hochschild s (2012) theory of emotional labor. I will then examine three articles that focus on teachers in the United States and their achieved emotions along with coping strategies. Finally I will assert that gender appears to be a contributing factor in the amount of emotional labor having to be preformed by female teachers in the workplace. This paper argues that femaleRead MoreThe Role Of Violence During U.s. Labor967 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study Assignment: The Role of Violence in U.S. Labor Why do we celebrate Labor Day? There is more to our 3-day weekend holiday celebrated by get-togethers, barbequing, and an extra day off work. We celebrate the social and economic achievements of American workers. This happy ending did not have a happy start when immigrants were coming to America. They were cheap labor and unskilled so they became exploited. There was a rapid expansion in factories and manufacturing capabilities during theRead MoreThe Effects Of Emotions On The Workplace Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesAttention to emotions in the workplace has surfaced in the field of industrial organizational psychology within the past 15 years (Daus, 2016). Prior to the acknowledgement of emotions having an influence in the workplace, it was believed that behaviors, outcomes, and decisions within a company were based solely on cognitive processes. Furthermore, the conceptual sophistication of emotions was considered to be insignificant, and therefore, believed to be inconsequentia l in the work life. HoweverRead MoreFrom A Young Age, Arlie Russel Hochschild Developed An1624 Words   |  7 PagesFrom a young age, Arlie Russel Hochschild developed an inclination and curiosity towards emotion and emotional displays. Born on January 15, 1940, as a child to parents of the U.S Foreign services, Russel explains her early observations of behavior and emotional presentations of foreign diplomats. It is from this memory, that Russel centers her current sociological work. As a young adult, Russel attended the University of California, Berkley where she successfully obtained her master’s and doctorateRead MoreThe Theory Of How Cultures Are Becoming More Similar Globally1565 Words   |  7 Pagesauthoritative workplace roles is aided from specific cultural roles. â€Å"In sum little evidence suggests that differences between men and women in personality traits and interpersonal skills† (Heather A. Haveman 247). Gender norms are also associated with cultural factors degrading women verses men. When a person thinks of a managerial position between males and females people use terminology towards men with words of masculine quality, while females are associated with terms connected with emotional responsesRead MoreNegative Effects Of Child Labor In Ghana1583 Words   |  7 PagesLives of little ones are destroyed, when child labor is employed. This is one of the famous slogans that shows the severity and the cruelty of child labor. Child labor refers to work that threatens children’s health and safety or deprives their right to education (Herring). Child labor is a serious global issue that the world is facing these days. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), 215 million children worldwide between the ages of five and seventeen work under conditions thatRead MoreThe Managed Heart Summary1468 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough originally written in 1983, The Managed Heart is still an up to date look at an interesting concept: combining emotional feelings with the work one does. At first glance, the notion that emotions may have an impact on one’s work environment seems almost a non-issue. However, Hochschild is not saying that; rather, Hochschild looks at the effect of emotions in the workplace, but also the interaction of those emotions with the work itself. The author’s interest in this topic began at an earlyRead MoreEssay Workplace Violence in Nursing890 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Violence in Nursing Professional Position Paper Nurses continually strive to bring holistic, efficient, and safe care to their patients. However, if the safety and well-being of the nurses are threatened or compromised, it is difficult for nurses to work effectively and efficiently. Therefore, the position of the American Nurses Association (ANA) advocate that every nursing professional have the right to work in a healthy work environment free of abusive behavior such as bullying,Read MoreChild Labor: Abuse and Maltreatment of Children888 Words   |  4 Pages First of all, what is child labor? It is the employment of children where they are used as tools and obligated to perform various types of work such as manufacture, construction, domestic servants, carpet weaving, agriculture, etc. Child labor was once an issue that has been ignored, but now it has become a major issue worldwide. There are different forms of child labor: child prostitution, begging, child soldiers, domestic servants, etc. Approximately 211 million children from five

As The Name Suggests, Whole Food Market Deals With Organic

As the name suggests, Whole Food Market deals with organic foods that have no preservatives added. The main aim of the store was to provide people with organic food free from toxins. At the same time, they also aimed at rewarding farmers who whose aim was to protect the environment as well as human health. While establishing the business, the founders’ motivation was to tackle the issues that faced agriculture. They wanted to reduce the usage of pesticide and inorganic manure. They also hoped to regain the farming land lost to erosion and degradation. The business is an American chain store supermarket. The first branch of the store was in Austin, Texas, which is the current headquarters. The government certified it as the first store to†¦show more content†¦Growing the food on their own would not be possible. They thought it would be better if they educated farmers on the importance of organic farming and how it was carried out. They would also teach the farmers about the dangers of using artificial chemicals on plants. Thereafter, they would introduce them to methods that would use less artificial chemicals but still maintain high productivity. In doing so, they would ensure a healthy and productive America. Brief history The Whole Foods Market began as a small food store called Safer Way in Austin. Friends and family of John Mackey and Renee Lawson assisted them with $45000 which they used to establish the store. At the time they started, they used to store some food products in their apartment. The owner of the building realized this and evicted them. The two were forced to live at the food store. Although they faced several challenges, they did not abandon their dreams. Later on, they partnered with Clarksville Natural Grocery and opened the now called Whole Foods Market. In 1981, the owners experienced massive losses caused by floods (Patel, 2012). Up to $400000 worth of groceries were destroyed. At the time, the store had no insurance (Patel, 2012). Well-wishers, customers, and neighbors assisted the shareholders with the damages. The store was up and running after a month. Mission of the Organization A proper organization must have missions during its establishment.Show MoreRelatedCase Study(Whole Foods)1481 Words   |  6 Pages1.) The Whole Foods strategy seeks to provide products of the best quality to its customers by maintaining high standards that the farmers, organic growers must match. The strategy also involves providing best tasting food and foods that are fresh, wholesome and safe to eat. It also involves promoting organically grown foods to exercise their influence on the people and the industry. Customers are the most important stakeholders responsible for the growth of Whole Foods Market, thus satisfying theirRead MoreField Assignment1404 Words   |  6 Pagescareer. Explain how this will help you in the job market. 1. Favorite Companies/ Brands i. Tofurky 1. Mission Statement – Tofurky was created to provide â€Å"health and vitality† to people and the ecosystem of the founders home by making â€Å"delicious, nutritious, convenient and affordable† vegetarian and vegan food that are not only good for them but the environment. Also, by having their products non-GMO and certified organic. 2. Strategic Plan – By producesRead MoreFirm Performance as a Compelling Measure of Growth: Whole Foods Case Study2765 Words   |  11 Pageshigher growth and gains for the firm will focus on maintaining the strengths while growing the weaknesses. This practice allows the business to grow in a balanced manner, thus eliminating the probability of one operation of the organization killing the whole firm due to drain. Therefore, it is remarkably significant to conduct a level performance measurement for the firm on a regular basis. The most effective generic, business-level strategies The core competencies of any organization focus on satisfactionRead MoreTrader Joes Internalization7066 Words   |  29 Pagesdiscounts food stores. Trader Joe’s has currently 367 stores within the United States with locations in over 20 states. Trader Joes stores offer a wide, diverse and ever-changing range of organic products, 98% of them being food but also wine and exotic products. Some of their range of products includes essential groceries (bread, dairy and cereal), pastas, seafood and meatless foods, baked items, frozen meals, chips and other snacks, coffee and tea, nuts, cheeses, vitamins, candies, pet food, wineRead MoreMarketing Plan Organic Juices3963 Words   |  16 Pagesresearch reports on the New Zealand organic beverage industry and investigates the current market situation and the purchasers’ beliefs, attitudes and preferences that are driving its growth. Secondary Research The secondary research section uncovered statistical facts, such as the size of the domestic organic market – that is valued at $40 million (Cork, 2001) and that 846,648 people (20% of the N.Z population) in New Zealand eat and drink a diet that is 80% organic (Coriolis Research, 2001). InRead MoreHonest tea Essay6615 Words   |  27 Pagesa strong alignment with the core values of their customers. It was through this guiding principle that Goldman built a loyal following to the Honest Tea brand by providing healthy drinks and by satisfying the growing demand among consumers for organic products. However, the Honest Tea case illustrates how the company has grown to a point where Goldman believes the company should look externally for distribution support. While Honest Tea’s merger with Coca-Cola will likely enable Honest Tea toRead MoreYuban coffee4548 Words   |  19 Pagesï » ¿ Table of Contents I. Introduction/Executive Summary and Product Description†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 II. Target Customer Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3-4 III. Competitor Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4-6 IV. External Market Environment Assessment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6-7 V. Company Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦7-9 VI. Marketing Information Requirements†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦9 VII. Plan Implementation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....†¦9-13 Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreCarefour Missadventure in Russia Essay4589 Words   |  19 PagesIBAM Word Count 3898 Submission Date 22 January 2011 Carrefour strategy is comprised of following components Organic, Sustainable and Profitable growth Fast return on capital employed Market Leadership through Acquisition Carrefour started business in 1963 by introducing the idea of hyper market by providing thousands of products under one roof. Soon after the success of hyper market Carrefour started targeting the customers with discounted stores. Carrefour is now world Europe largest and worldRead MoreKraft Food Case Study2619 Words   |  11 Pages Kraft Foods Vision Statement †¢ â€Å"Helping People Around the World Eat and Live Better. †¢ â€Å"Make Today Delicious†    The following core values guide Kraft Foods actions as they strive to achieve the mission and vision : -We inspire trust -We act like owners -We keep it simple -We are open and inclusive -We tell it like it is -We lead from the head and the heart -We discuss. We decide. We deliver Step 2: Develop vision and mission statements for the organization. Kraft Foods Vision StatementRead MoreJollibee5282 Words   |  22 PagesJollibee report in Vietnam Table of contents I. Executive summary 6 II. Introduction 7 III. Jollibee Foods Corporation in Vietnam report 8 1. The context of Jollibee Food Corporation business strategy 8 2. The key stakeholders of the company in Vietnam 9 3. Conduct an external environment and organizational audit of the company 12 4. Analyze the strategic position of Jollibee Food Corporation in Vietnam using appropriate techniques 19 5. To demonstrate ability to think strategically

Construct the Efficient Frontier Free Essays

Construction a. Estimation The goal is to obtain the raw ingredients – expected returns, standard deviations and correlations. Historical data are used for this purpose. We will write a custom essay sample on Construct the Efficient Frontier or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a rule of thumb, five years of daily data are probably right (one year should be the absolute minimum). Keep in mind the following: 1) make sure to use the adjusted close prices to calculate returns (so that you won’t have large, spurious negative returns due to dividend payments or splits), and 2) calculate log returns (so that you can aggregate daily returns to obtain holding period returns, if ever needed). In Excel, the function for mean and standard deviation are â€Å"= average (range)† and â€Å"stdev(range). † To calculate the correlation matrix, use â€Å"correlation† under â€Å"data analysis. † Please note, in practice, the estimates can be adjusted in view of economic outlooks. This is especially so for expected returns. Sometimes, the realized historical returns are negative or below the risk-free rate. They must be adjusted upward – who would ever buy a stock and expect to receive a return less than the risk-free rate (if the beta is not negative)!? II.Efficient frontier construction Step 1. Variance/covariance matrix, The expected return and variance for the portfolio are: You can think of the variance as the â€Å"weighted average† of all the covariances, ? i? j? ij where the weights are xi and xj. Of course, the variance terms are special cases of the covariances when i=j, and ? ij=1. You can calculate the portfolio variance in the spreadsheet in many different ways. The way I do it is to first calculate the variance/covariance matrix, whose entries are ? i? j? ij and ? i2. To this end, we first construct the tandard deviation (std) matrix and the correlation matrix, as shown in the spreadsheet. Then, first multiple the std matrix to the correlation matrix to obtain (multiply the range of b3.. g8 to the range of b10.. g15). Then, multiple matrix to the std matrix again (multiply the range of b17.. g22 to the range of b3.. g8) to obtain the variance/covariance matrix in b24.. g29. Step 2. Portfolio’s return, variance, standard deviation and slope To obtain the portfolio variance, we need to further multiply each entry of the variance/covariance matrix by their corresponding weights, xi and xj.Remember, those n portfolio weights are what we are trying to solve for. So we put them in a column (a34. . a39). To facilitate the calculations, I also place the weights at the top of the matrix. The variance/covariance matrix is simply copied from Step 1. Since we will also need the security returns to calculate the portfolio return, they are placed in j33.. j39. Now, we multiply the weights to each column of the variance/covariance matrix using the function â€Å"=sumproduct. † This â€Å"sumproduct† results in each weight in (a34.. 39) being multiplied to each entry in the variance/covariance column, and then all summed up. The variance/covariance terms will have only one weight being multiplied to. So we need to multiply this sum by another weight at the top of the matrix (remember: multiplying the sum by something is equivalent to multiplying each individual item by the same thing). Summing all the items in b40. . g40, we obtain the portfolio’s variance, and taking square root of it, we have its standard deviation, in cell b45. The portfolio’s return in b44 is calculated as the weighted average of individual security returns.The slope of the CML is simply the rise (i. e. , portfolio’s return minus the risk-free rate) over run (i. e. , the portfolio’s std). Step 3. Obtain minimum variance portfolio: minimize STD subject to sum of weight = 1. 0 The minimum variance portfolio is the one that has the lowest variance among all possible portfolios. We use the â€Å"Solver† in Excel to find this portfolio. We would like to vary the weights in a34.. a39 so that the variance (or equivalently, std in cell b45) is minimized. In the â€Å"Solver,† enter b45 as the target, and choose â€Å"min. The range for â€Å"Changing cells† should be a34.. a39. The only constraint is: all the weights sum to one, i. e. , set cell b42 equal to 1. 0. Then simply click on â€Å"solve. † The solutions will be in a34.. a39. Of course, the portfolio’s return and std are simultaneously calculated in cells b44 and b45, and the slope linking the portfolio and the T-bill is in cell b46. Step 4. Obtain market portfolio: maximize Slope subject to sum of weight = 1. 0 Follow the same logic/procedure as in Step 3, except that you want to maximize cell b46. Step 5.Obtain market portfolio with no short selling: maximize Slope subject to sum of weights = 1. 0 and all weight being positive This part is just for completeness: to show you how to construct the market portfolio when short selling is prohibited. Here you also maximize cell b46, except that, aside from the weights-summing-to-one constraint, you would add six more constraints: a34 ;gt; 0, a35 ;gt; 0, †¦, a39 ;gt; 0. It turns out that, the weights on Securities 2 and 3 are zero, since they command the most amount of short selling in the unconstrained case (Step 4).However, it is not always true that any security that is being shorted in the unconstrained case will have a weight of zero in the constrained case. Security 5 is a case in point. Step 6. Generating efficient frontier Here, everything is already self-explanatory. Essentially, we need to plot the parabola and the CML. To this end, we first get the functions for each, and then use Excel to generate some points (50 in my example) within the reasonable range of returns and std. How to cite Construct the Efficient Frontier, Papers

Solviet Union Essays - Communism In Russia, Communist States

Solviet Union Essay #1 Samuel P.S.204 3-14-9 The Soviet Union sparked its first paths of development towards a communist economy through a five-year plan in 1938. The plan called for government controls and government regulation for their workers. This planned also controlled prices and wages for the workers to control the standard of living and to keep the needs of the common man minimal. The government wanted control of all private industries so that they can push for a rapid industrial society. Benefits such as health care and public housing were terminated to help the Soviet government with their plan. The Soviets wanted to combine their work force with their investments in coal, steel and iron to boost their capital and help them create a super nation. After Joseph Stalins death in 1953 a change began to occur in the Soviet Union. A new set of reforms was set up which were to reestablish welfare programs and public housing. This plan that was coined the destalinization effort, was used to introduce the new market strategies, expanding production and raising the profit margin. However politically this plan was looked upon negatively and was merely disregarded. Over time several attempts towards this model were made as late as 1988. Gorbachev was still trying for economic reforms. Small business enterprises began to branch out and with new laws in place more businesses were in control of themselves without that much government regulations. These businesses folded and inflation became a horrid realization for the soviets. The soviet economic plan was failing and was not showing any signs of revival. It was not until the breaking up of the Soviet Union in the early 90s where the Soviet economy would show signs of hope. Compared to the theories of Marx, the Soviet Union did not begin their economic development in the way, which Marx theorized. He believed that the economy needed to be collectively ran and owned rather than in private hands. He also believed that education should be free for all children in public schools and that benefits for workers should be in place. His overall ideas were thatThe revolutionary overthrow of capitalism and the Bourgeoisie state by a mass up rising of the urban working class, the Proletariat. (Nagle, J.pg.156) At times, the Soviet society had beliefs of Marxism and economic reforms were beginning to align in a conceptual sense. During the destalinization period the beliefs were beginning to give back to the working man and uses of new strategies to help overall production arose and thus helped the economy. During the period of the five-year plan the Soviet Unions economic and political structure was almost totally different in that the goal of the society was to ha ve total government control. Control of the worker, control of the resources and control of the profits. The failures of the economic and political development of the Soviet Unions were that during the times of the five-year model rise of Communism. The government believed that their system would help create a super power nation when in fact it made the nation weaker because it failed within two years because of distress among the common man. Efforts to correct the damage done to the society tremendous and since the break up the Soviet Union they are still trying to rebuild the nation to what it once was before the fall or the revolution. It would be difficult to speculate about the future of the Soviet Union or current day Russia. In keeping with current events I believe that Russia will continue trying to rebuild its economy and the future of its economy and the future of its people. With Yeltsin as their as their leader Russia will hopefully be able to create a system that will raise the rate of production of goods which will lead to raising the standards of the economy and living. Political Issues